Tandem repeats: two different approaches
نویسنده
چکیده
where the pattern composed by the three bases CGG in the left sequence is transformed in five identical and adjacent copies. Additional mutational laws can cause mismatch between the bases of the pattern and the bases of the repeated copies, for this reason sometimes there is no an exact repetition of the pattern but there is an approximate repetition in which every copies of the pattern is quite different from the original. In these years the research about the identification of the tandem repeats has assumed a crucial importance because the discover that tandem trinucleotide repeats is the cause of many diseases such as fragile-X mental retardation, Hunttington’s disease, myotonic dystrophy, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy and Friedreich’s ataxia. Other aspects in which tandem repeats seem to play a crucial role is in the gene regulation and in the development of immune system cells (see [2, 4, 5, 3, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16]). The importance of identifying tandem repeats in the human genome associated with the impossibility of detect them bye eye when the pattern is not too short and when approximate repetitions of pattern are allowed, have forced the develop of automatic tools to analyze long sequences of DNA. Many algorithms are been developed to detect tandem repeats. The length of the DNA sequences has directed the research towards the use of sophisticated techniques in order to improve the performances of the programs.
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